Playing Efficiency
Normally this is a linear estimate (not realistic for small subsets of cards) of the ratio of profit by using a card counting system, to the total profit one could gain over basic strategy, if one could track every card and perfectly determine the change in outcome. For us, mere mortals who use a single parameter card counting system to locate favourable opportunities, so as to bet extra units and deviate also from basic strategy if we presume a gain of any sort, a certain portion of the "cake" is the maximum we can strive for, while using it.
Optimal systems for variations of strategy
{TOB}: A noteworthy observation is that, if the ace is to be counted zero, improvement in the second decimal cannot be achieved beyond level three.
So for all practical purposes his third raw of the table (TOB, page 46) is the champion, for maximum efficiency with a single parameter count.
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 T Efficiency
0 1 2 2 3 2 2 1 -1 -3 0.690
Ken (Kenneth S. Uston) quickly picked-up the count and with the aid of his friend Stanley Roberts (Gambling Times Incorporated) his book MDBJ went
to the presses in the year 1981. The famous UAPC went public. A "Rolls-Royce" for strategic departures. Dynamite for hand-held games!
Curiously, when striving for maximizing overall strategic efficiency, the ace is not to be neutralized. TOB absolute single parameter champion is this one:
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 T Efficiency
51 60 85 125 169 122 117 43 -52 -180 0.703
If we divide by 200 we get:
Table 1
A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 T
0.255 0.300 0.425 0.625 0.845 0.610 0.585 0.215 -0.260 -0.900
A sort of EoR`s table, isn`tit? Believe it or not, researchers and publishers have used this one to evaluate the playing correlations of their own systems.
Learning by example: The Uston Advanced Count
A short formula and a pocket calculator enough to extract playing correlation and efficiencies for your selected point count.
1) Find first the correlation coefficient for the above playing EoR`s that correspond to your counting system. E.g. UAPC
Corr = (inner product)/ (sqr (ss eors * ss point tags))
Inner product = (1 * .300) + (2 *.425) + (2 *.625) + (3 *.845) + (2 *.610) + (2 * .585) + (1 * .215) + (-1 * -.260) + (4 * -3 *-.900) = 18.600
EoR`s sum of squares = 5.50845
Tags sum of squares = 64
Solving
cc = 18.600/ (sqr (5.50845 * 64)) = 18.600/18.7761 = .9906
UAPC playing correlation = .9906
In other words almost as good as the reference from above.
Another question is the efficiency as outlined in the first paragraph of the article. So despite the fact that efficiency tends to increase as a function of the deck being depleted (penetration), its approximation to the cc only occurs as a limit.
Playing efficiency formula:
PE = (1.405 -(1-cc)) * (cc/2)
UAPC tested:
PE = (1.405 -(1 -.9906))*(.9906/2) = .691
UAPC Playing efficiency = .691
Don`t be timid and find the PC and PE from the Hi-Lo count for yourself!
For the selected playing counts from BJA3, Table D18, page 522, we get the following PE results with the same procedure outlined above:
Hi-Lo Hi-Opt I RPC AOII Halves
0.511 0.609 0.554 0.671 0.565
Carlson`s Omega emerges as a winner here? No surprise at all. Just put the AOII tags, ace through ten (0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 0-1,-2) below Table I,
and the reason for it will appear in front of your eyes.
Can we put some competition to UAPC with another three-level count?
Approximating the EoR`s from Table I, we can build three groups here.
1) Aces, deuces, threes, eights and nines
2) Fours, sixes and sevens
3) Fives and tens
So putting equivalent tags below we get
1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1,-1,-3
A heretic three-level count (aces = + 1, huh!) but with the following numbers:
PC = .997
PE = .699
Make no mistakes here. Once any betting spread is involved this count won`t beat UAPC with a side count of aces.
The reason for this is its meagre betting correlation.
Betting correlation = .8393 Our dreams reduced to ashes!
While the saying, There is Nothing New Under the Sun, seems to be often the case, it doesn`t hurt to look at old things with new eyes, anyway.
Finally, let`s check both playing correlations.
IL18 multi-deck playing correlations
Heretic UAPC
16 v T 0.706246 * 0.704785
16 v 9 0.498523 0.503510 *
15 v T 0.900817 * 0.892171
13 v 3 0.943059 * 0.924748
13 v 2 0.933367 * 0.912163
12 v 6 0.876600 * 0.843130
12 v 5 0.902709 0.904753 *
12 v 4 0.909761 0.912085 *
12 v 3 0.895447 * 0.878108
12 v 2 0.827060 * 0.807781
11 v A 0.980394 * 0.968034
10 v A 0.908509 0.949819 *
10 v T 0.741422 0.813861 *
9 v 7 0.785766 0.825422 *
9 v 2 0.896061 0.905951 *
T,T v 6 0.855622 0.897604 *
T,T v 5 0.849197 0.900497 *
Insurance 0.915811 * 0.901388
A tough fight among both, with UAPC leading the double downs and the splits, but Don`s multi-deck Super-Illustrious are: Insurance, 16 v T, 15 v T
and 12 v 3, plays for what the first count shows some superiority.
After watching delighted Norm`s new site (with beautiful colours, yes), the card-eater fantasy is crossing my mind, but instead of having seated at the table our garden-variety Hi-Lo`s counter, with one of the above two guys. They could "handle" our hand, too. A pristine colour-fantasy, but for High-Stakes and rich card counters, I am afraid. These guys look expensive, damn! :-)
Zf
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